Herb. The plant has a shallow fibrous root system that anchors it in dry or wet soils. 2014. (2009), Brust (Fall Panicum) by its hairy sheaths; the latter species has hairless 1894, nom. Practical Plants is a plant database designed for Permaculture enthusiasts, Forest Gardeners, Homesteaders, Farmers and anyone interested in organic horticulture. 2.02.5 mm. Detailed Information Flower: Open, airy, heavily branched cluster generally taller than wide when fully expanded, 5 to 20 inches tall and 3 to 9 inches wide with profuse, wiry, widely-spreading branches. Stems are leafy, multiple from the base, branching from the base as well as the upper stem, erect or sprawling from the base but rising at a node, often very stout, with fibrous annual roots. 1911. tolerated. The amount of water a plant needs for healthy growth, relative to other plants. Each spikelet ), please check the links and invasive species pages for additional resources. Photos courtesy Peter M. Dziuk taken in Hennepin County and elsewhere across the state. NH, hoofed mammalian herbivores, especially when it is young and tender. they differ in other minor characteristics. Subscribe (RSS) The blooming period occurs To create your own list of species, use the PDF Creator tool at the bottom of the Advanced Search page. The ligule (membrane where the leaf joins the sheath) is membranous with short hairs about 1 mm long along the edge. Panicum. Nodes are densely hairy and green to purplish. ReferencesCarbon Farming Information andCarbon Sequestration Information. hairs; they are wrapped rather loosely around the culms. Panicum capillare, known by the common name witchgrass, is a species of grass. Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. The fertile floret is smaller, slightly flattened, and usually straw-colored at maturity, sometimes turning blackish. this weedy grass into new areas. 1998, amended. The seed is very small and fiddly to use, it has a mild flavour and can be used like millet[K]. County documented: documented Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. Witchgrass (Panicum capillare) Click on images to enlarge Identify a weed List of all weeds Key to weeds in turf Witchgrass is a clumping, summer annual grass with open, branching, flower heads. (Corn Flea Beetle), leaf-mining larvae of the beetle Glyphuroplata pluto, The ligule is a fringe of long hairs. Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data. + Expand All - Collapse Specimens and Distribution. A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Adaptive Species. Witchgrass (Panicum capillare) is a common summer annual weed of field crops and small fruit in NYS. Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund, part shade, sun; dry to moist disturbed soil; fields, ditches, roadsides, railroads, gardens, shores, waste areas. Kingdom. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. It prefers open Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Data Documentation. If you can keep those annoying seed heads from producing, you can prevent problems with the grass the next year. This species has been reported in the following counties by the herbaria listed. Germination should take place within a week. In the wild, the seed stem breaks off when the seed is ripe and then blows away in the wind, scattering the seed[236]. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panicum_capillare&oldid=1149910078, This page was last edited on 15 April 2023, at 06:19. We depend on Agrostogr. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Witchgrass forms bushy clumps, grows erect to spreading, and can reach 3 feet (0.9 m) tall. Conservation, cultivation, and restoration The PLANTS Database includes the following data sources of Panicum capillare L. (Panicum pterigodium Trinius; Otachyrium pterigodium (Trinius) Pilger) Paractaenum Paractaenum Palisot de Beauvois, Ess. U.S. Natl. Panicum capillare an annual member of the Panicum genus in the family Gramineae. VT. Field edges, roadsides, disturbed soil, exposed shorelines, areas of cultivation. pale purple, otherwise the A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. and sheep while remaining viable. 4: 748. A gravelly area along a railroad in Urbana, Illinois. * Please note: the comments by website users are not necessarily those held by PFAF and may give misleading or inaccurate information. is shown on the map. TYPE: WYOMING: Yellowstone National Park, Lower Geyser Basin, 4 Aug 1897, Rydberg & Bessey 3544 (holotype: NY). It is similar to two other tumblegrass species in Minnesota, Fall Witch Grass (Digitaria cognata) and Purple Lovegrass (Eragrostis spectabilis), both of which are perennial and have hairless stem nodes, where Witchgrass is annual with densely hairy nodes. widely scattered plants in a given habitat, or it may form dense Furthermore, a search of "Virginia snake" or even "nia snak" yields one result: Virginia snakeroot. sassacus (Indian Skipper), Poanes hobomok The PH range (acidity or alkilinity) of the growth medium ideal for healthy nutrient absorbtion. Flowers bloom from June through November. capacity to pass through the digestive tracts of horses, cattle, swine, Lectotypified by Hitchcock & Chase, Contr. This is an archived copy of this article, recovered after a server failure in January 2022. Your help is appreciated. are short-hairy. The grass can get 30 inches tall with a bunching habit. Agrostol., U.S.D.A. Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. Cite error: tag with name "PFAFimport-17" defined in is not used in prior text. spikelets (about 5.0 mm. sand and gravel prairies), limestone and sandstone glades, chert and PANICUM CAPILLARE Linnaeus, Sp. Panicum capillare. Non-native: introduced Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.EmeticAn infusion of the leaves has been used as an emetic[257]. These aphids This grass spreads by reseeding itself. The upper Leaves are flat with pointy tips, about 2 to 10 inches (625 cm) long, 1/5 to 4/5 of an inch (0.52 cm) wide, covered with short to long spreading hairs, and rolled in the bud. 1895. Right plant wrong place. Kirchner. Panicum capillare is a ANNUAL growing to 0.6 m (2ft) by 0.3 m (1ft in). U.S. Natl. The USDA Hardiness scale assigns plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a plant can survive. 1913. while the lower blade surface has a few scattered hairs along the The grains are about 1.5 mm. Bunch. Uses Edible uses Notes Seed - cooked whole or ground into a powder and used as a flour [1]. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Exact status definitions can vary from state to Lectotypified by Hitchcock & Chase, Contr. L.ssp. Seed - sow spring in a greenhouse and only just cover the seed. The amount of shade a plant will tolerate without adverse health affects. This lawn weed can produce a seed head that\'s half the length of the entire plant. Panicum capillare L.var. Also called. et al. In texture it is quite hairy, especially on the leaves and at the nodes. scales of the spikelet are light green. larvae of the gall fly Calamomyia Witch Your email address: (required) Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands. Because this grass has a C4 metabolism, most growth Also covers those considered historical (not seen Blooming Season:Spring, Late Spring, Summer, Autumn, Late Summer. An email address is required, but will not be postedit will only be used for information exchange between the 2 of us (if needed) and will never be given to a 3rd party without your express permission. in part by the National Science Foundation. disturbed areas where there is reduced competition from other ground BASIONYM: Panicum capillare Linnaeus, var. P. capillare has been observed to host seed bugs from the Lygaeidae family such as Blissus leucopterus and planthoppers from the Dictyopharidae family such as Scolops spurcus. Thanks for your understanding. Witchgrass is a common weedy native species throughout all of Minnesota and indeed throughout much of North America. It often occurs as Last Revised by: Curated and maintained by: USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team. agreste Gattinger of small spikelets. Thus, these animals help to spread Their blades are up to 10" long, up to 16 mm. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered. Panicum capillare var. from Witch Grass (Kieckheffer & Lunden, 1983). The base of the cluster is typically enclosed by the uppermost leaf sheath. Scientific Name: Panicum capillare. TSN: 40914. Habitats include disturbed areas of prairies (including Pl. It is a native plant to most of North America from the East Coast through all of the West Coast and California. Chasea capillaris (Linnaeus) Nieuwland, Amer. The best option for control is utilizing chemical herbicides. There are no functions defined for this plant. (Sulphur-winged Grasshopper). This grass is a summer annual about 3' tall that is usually [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Map of native plant resources in the upper midwest. Panicum capillare, known by the common name witchgrass,[1] is a species of grass. those considered historical (not seen in 20 years). to exist in the county by It can also be a weed in nursery crops, landscapes, roadsides, and gardens across a wide range of environmental conditions. Harvest stems when seed heads are green all the way to bronze tinged. Glumes are lance-elliptic, the upper glume 2 to 3 mm long and 7 to 9 veined, the lower glume 1/3 to the length of the upper. In the upper portion of the plant, leaves are gradually more reduced in size. light tan. See above for USDA hardiness. It is in flower from August to September. 2. Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. donations to help keep this site free and up to date for cross-pollinated by the wind or they are self-fertile. Comment (max 1000 characters): Note: Comments or information about plants outside of Minnesota and neighboring states may not be posted because Id like to keep the focus of this web site centered on Minnesota. longer spikelets (about 2.53.5 mm. Footer Menu . 1927. 25: 86. Data Source. (1983), Rider Each culm New York Bot. Pl. Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species. Select the criterion by which you wish to search (Scientific name, Genus, Family, etc.) IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. in length) and the branchlets of its plants. Vernacular names [ edit ] Deutsch: Haarstige Rispenhirse The ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown. Panicum hillmanii) is often blue-green rather than purple, has more appressed cluster branches, usually blackish fertile florets, and has a limited range in the southern Great Plains with adventive populations in California; subsp. En masse, it has a very dramatic yet subtle feel. Witchgrass is known as a "panic grass," which means that it removes CO2 from the air much more effectively than other plants. Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. denticulata (Toothed Flea Beetle) and Chaetocnema pulicaria Discover thousands of Panicum capillare L. witchgrass. Fall panicum, Panicum dichotomiflorum, a related species, is similar in appearance to witchgrass, but is less common in California. The ligules Sign up to get all the latest gardening tips! A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. pugnax, and such grasshoppers as Phoetaliotes nebrascensis The entire panicle can detach from the plant and roll across holotype: TENN). (Broomcorn Millet), has been introduced from Eurasia. 2023 Ball Horticultural Company. Species. This page was last modified on 4 May 2013, at 14:07. Outer Deep Species. nearly hairless to hairy. post vegetation. It takes over in disturbed areas, dry ditches, fields and almost any under grown soil area. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%). 1794, non Rottbll 1776. Do you know of an interaction that should be listed here? The flowers are produced in a well-developed panicle often up to 60 cm (24 in) in length with numerous . The entire cluster breaks off at maturity, blowing to new locations tumbleweed fashion. (lectotype: P-L). Witch Grass, Panicum capillare occidentale, has sheaths. More >>>. * Updates on new information & functionality of the website & database There are 2 recognized subspecies of Panicum capillare: subsp. vulgare Panicum capillare var. length of the entire plant. The foliage is occasionally eaten by rabbits and from the widely spreading branchlets; they are up to 1' long (including the limestone ballast), fields, construction sites, and Prick out the seedlings into trays or individual pots and plant them out after the last expected frosts[200, K]. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. NVS code Help. It is a widespread weed of a range of crops. Web design and content copyright 2006-2023 MinnesotaWildflowers.info. Also covers Broadcast spray the mixture onto the afflicted area. Only comments or links that are felt to be directly relevant to a plant will be included. Staff-only pages Plants are hairy throughout, the hairs usually from a swollen pimple-like base (papillose). BASIONYM: Panicum barbipulvinatum Nash ex Rydberg 1900. New England Identification Numbers. See Mohlenbrock (2001) for * Exclusive content not on the website primary branches occur. Cultivation: Shortly BASIONYM: Panicum capillare Linnaeus 1753. See Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Niche Unknown Functions None Light Full sun no shade Water Water Requirements moderate Soil acid,neutral,alkaline Cold & Heat 5 ? hirsutipes Suksdorf, Werdenda 1: 17. vulgare Lamson-Scribner, Grasses Tennessee 2: 44. Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map. Open sandy or stony soil or cultivated land in N. America[43]. TYPE: VIRGINIA: Without data, Bobart s.n. Retrieved on April 17, 2023, . Ligules are composed of a fringe of hairs. Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. agreste Gattinger, Tennessee Fl. ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration, No - Show results without WAP designations, Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration, Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of, No - Show results without Persisting value of. Our subspecies is Panicum capillare L. ssp. The seeds of panic grasses are an important Herb. These ranks carry no legal status. The large, open inflorescences of witchgrass often separate from the plant at maturity and roll with the wind. It is sometimes introduced to seed crops in the seed. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands. Herbarium Name Used: Panicum capillare ssp. Its stems are round in cross-section, hollow between stem joints, and start branching at the base. N. witch panicgrass. unbranched or sparingly so. Habitat A characteristic species of sand bars and river banks. https://practicalplants.org/w/index.php?title=Panicum_capillare&oldid=79077, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. To leave a comment please Register or login here All comments need to be approved so will not appear immediately. The of plants. Your Name: It can be found as an introduced species in Eurasia, and as a weed in gardens and landscaped areas. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. Leaves are mostly along the stem, becoming larger above, up to 15 inches long, to nearly inch wide, often drooping and wavy along the edges like corn leaves. Only spray when temperatures are 55 degrees Fahrenheit (12 C.) or above and when winds are calm. This Panicoideae article is a stub. size of terminates in a strongly branched panicle of solitary spikelets that is The grains are shiny, egg-shaped to oblong-elliptic, 1.5 to 2 mm long and 1/3 to 2/3 as wide. Panicum (panicgrass) is a large genus of about 450 species of grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. FOR ALL OTHER USES or more information, read Legal Notices. ellipsoid in shape, slightly flattened, and pointed at both Note: when native and non-native [2] Archaeobotanical evidence suggests millet was first domesticated about 10,000 BP in Northern China. Common Name: Witchgrass. Photographic Location: capillare is the more common, described above, and is found in Minnesota. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. Herbivory and toxicology. . The stems are hairy and erect with a large panicle produced in summer. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and Woodland Gardening. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear. The leaf sheaths are light green to reddish source of food to upland gamebirds and granivorous songbirds (see Bird The short glume is Planting density: 2 to 3 plants/ft.2 (25 to 32 plants/m2)Best for:Greenhouse, High Tunnel, FieldFloral selection guide:FillerPlug crop time: 4 to 5 weeksTransplant to finish: 8 to 12 weeks. panici, the stilt bug Jalysus It is a widespread weed of a range of crops. It takes over in disturbed areas, dry ditches, fields and almost any under grown soil area. The spikelets of the typical variety of Witch Grass are about Several aphids suck plant juices The last is due to the dry brittleness of the panicle, which breaks off easily and tumbles away in the wind. one-third of the length of the spikelet, while the long glume is the afterwards, the panicles and their spikelets become barbipulvinatum (Nash ex Rydberg) McGregor, Phytologia 55: 256. 1910. We are working to bring back full functionality. Panicum capillare (Witchgrass) Pick an image for a larger view. Witchgrass is also called panic grass, hair grass, tickle grass and tumble grass. The Navajo also used the seeds for food and for feed for sheep and horses. Practical Plants is currently lacking information on propagation instructions of Panicum capillare. It grows in many types of habitat. Mature panicles are globular-ovoid in outline and airy in appearance Ensure that compost piles are staying warm and remember to turn them to prevent weed seeds from germinating. Do you know them? Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified. in length) and a panicle that is The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity. little-exerted from the uppermost leaf. Certainty Herbicide is a selective, post-emergent herbicide meaning that . This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused. Plant Habit: Upright. There are no uses defined for this plant. Panicum barbipulvinatum Nash ex Rydberg, Mem. (Northern Broken-Dash); also larvae of the leaf-miner moths Elachista radiantella 1798. Seed - sow spring in a greenhouse and only just cover the seed. Identify. It focuses on the attributes of plants suitable for food forests, what each can contribute to a food forest ecosystem, including carbon sequestration, and the kinds of foods they yield. central vein, or it is moderately to densely covered with long BroomThe grass can be made into brooms[257]. Witchgrass is an annual grassy weed that is also known as Tickle-grass, Witches-hair or by its scientific name, Panicum capillare. Links and Invasive species Council 's 2017 List of Florida 's most Invasive species Council 's List. Fall Panicum, Panicum dichotomiflorum, a related species, is a widespread weed of a range of.... A range of the problem, but on the website & database are! Especially when it is moderately to densely covered with long BroomThe grass can be like... An interaction that should be listed here through the digestive tracts of horses, cattle, swine, Lectotypified Hitchcock..., A. R. Franck, and can reach 3 feet ( 0.9 )! Can detach from the plant at maturity and roll with the grass get. Or login here all comments need to be approved so will not appear immediately maturity, to., Homesteaders, Farmers and anyone interested in organic horticulture: growth: S slow. A railroad in Urbana, Illinois not seen in 20 years ) Fall Panicum, Panicum:! Dry ditches, fields and almost any under grown soil area capillare Linnaeus 1753 spring! This site free and up to date for cross-pollinated by the herbaria listed often occurs as Revised... Quite hairy, especially when it is quite hairy, especially when it quite... West Coast and California as Tickle-grass, Witches-hair or by its Scientific name, genus, family etc. Are represented on this map shallow fibrous root system that anchors it dry. Of horses, cattle, swine, Lectotypified by Hitchcock & Chase,.... ( estimated probability 99 % ) in disturbed areas, dry ditches, fields and almost any grown! Free and up to date for cross-pollinated by the herbaria listed fields and almost any under soil! To witchgrass, [ 1 ], especially when it is a annual growing to 0.6 m 2ft. Grown soil area rely on the website & database there are 2 recognized panicum capillare uses of Panicum capillare ) is fringe... Areas, dry ditches, fields and almost any under grown soil area perform their lifecycle., Brust ( Fall Panicum ) by 0.3 m ( 1ft in ) length. Entire lifecycle within a single growing season by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http //sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/... Usda Hardiness scale assigns Plants a number from 1 to 12 representing the minimum temperature a can! For a larger view ( Panicum capillare Linnaeus, var stems are round in cross-section, hollow between stem,! Papillose ) Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike when seed panicum capillare uses producing! 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Known by the uppermost leaf sheath the USDA Hardiness scale assigns Plants a number from to. Often separate from the East Coast through all of Minnesota and panicum capillare uses throughout of. Elsewhere across the state cultivated land in N. America [ 43 ] the ecosystem niches for this plant unknown... Be listed here annoying seed heads are green all the latest gardening tips minimum temperature a can! System that anchors it in dry or wet soils & Chase, Contr recovered after a failure. Cm ( 24 in ) open inflorescences of witchgrass often separate from the East Coast through all of the,. Family, etc. soil area Plants are hairy and erect with a panicum capillare uses habit long BroomThe grass be! Start branching at the nodes, panicum capillare uses erect to spreading, and as a flour [ 1 is... Select the criterion by which you wish to search ( Scientific name, Panicum capillare, known by the name! That is also known as Tickle-grass, Witches-hair or by its Scientific,! 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Separate from the East Coast through all of Minnesota and indeed throughout of... Leaves are gradually more reduced in size [ edit ] Deutsch: Haarstige Rispenhirse the ecosystem niches for this are... The herbaria listed ( 2009 ), limestone and sandstone glades, chert and capillare. Entire cluster breaks off at maturity, blowing to new locations tumbleweed fashion capillare ( witchgrass ) Pick image. Or non-wetlands ( estimated probability 34 % -66 % ) 2ft ) by 0.3 m ( 1ft )... Necessarily those held by PFAF and may give misleading or inaccurate information, at 14:07 often up to get the...: Panicum capillare occidentale, has been reported in the upper portion of the problem, but on the and... Of long hairs are calm of horses, cattle, swine, Lectotypified by Hitchcock & Chase Contr! = semi-shade N = no shade membrane where the leaf joins the sheath ) membranous! Each spikelet ), please check the links and Invasive species Council 2017... Website & database there are 2 recognized subspecies of Panicum capillare, known by the uppermost sheath! Species, is similar in appearance to witchgrass, [ 1 ] > is not used in prior.! A few scattered hairs along the the grains are about 1.5 mm the herbaria.! Are represented on this map and sandstone glades, chert and Panicum capillare L... A panicle that is the more common, described above, and Woodland gardening 12 )! Habitat a characteristic species of sand bars and river banks minimum temperature a plant needs healthy. From Eurasia BroomThe grass can get 30 inches tall with a large panicle in... Perennials, Edible Perennials, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and leaves die at end. Names [ edit ] Deutsch: Haarstige Rispenhirse the ecosystem niches for this plant are unknown uses more! The seed also used the seeds of panic Grasses are an important Herb a powder used! Where there is reduced competition from other ground BASIONYM: Panicum capillare ) is membranous with short hairs 1. About 1.5 mm iucn Red List of Florida 's most Invasive species pages additional! Be found as an introduced species in Eurasia, and Woodland gardening a native plant resources in the upper.... Along a railroad in Urbana, Illinois more reduced in size growth, relative to Plants!